May-Thurner Syndrome (MTS) is a rare vein condition that can cause swelling in your left leg and significantly increases your risk for deep blood clots (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT), which can be a potentially life-threatening condition. MTS occurs when the main vein leading from your left leg to your heart is pinched between your spine and the nearby main artery. This pinched vein restricts the blood flow from your left leg to your heart, but in rare cases can affect your right leg instead.
Treating May-Thurner syndrome
Treatment for MTS involves managing or removing any blood clots and relieving the vein compression that causes MTS.
- Anticoagulants (blood thinners) are drugs that keep blood clots from getting bigger and help prevent new clots from forming.
- Thrombolytics are a type of drug that may be used in emergency situations to dissolve a blood clot. They can be given intravenously or injected directly into the clot to dissolve it, but they carry a risk of serious bleeding.
- Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis is a technique that inserts a thin, wire-like catheter into your vein to deliver clot-dissolving drugs, break the clot apart mechanically, and suction it out.
- Stenting is a technique to insert a stent or hard tube into your compressed vein to prop it open and improve blood flow. The stent is delivered with a thin, wire-like catheter that is guided into your vein.
- Angioplasty uses a catheter to insert a small balloon into your compressed vein. The balloon is then gently inflated to push open the vein and improve blood flow. Angioplasty is usually done with stenting to ensure that the vein stays open.
Symptoms of May-Thurner syndrome
Symptoms of MTS usually don’t appear until you develop and show symptoms of DVT. DVT is a blood clot in one of your deep veins—usually in your leg. It can restrict your blood flow causing localized aches and pains, or it can break loose from your vein and travel to your lungs where it can cause a potentially life-threatening condition called pulmonary embolism. Symptoms of DVT and pulmonary embolism include:
- Leg swelling and pain
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Coughing up blood
- Rapid heartbeat
- Chest pain, especially when breathing deeply
- Fainting/passing out
Diagnosis of May-Thurner syndrome
To diagnose MTS, your doctor will image your lower back and pelvic area to reveal any compressed veins and improper blood flow. Imaging methods can include contrast venography, X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computer tomography (CT), and duplex ultrasound. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) uses a wire-like ultrasound device inserted into your veins to image them from the inside. This is commonly performed when treating MTS.
Costs
Costs of treating May-Thurner syndrome vary depending on your area, physician, and health insurance coverage. The different treatment options may require different procedures and related care that can affect your costs as well. You can talk with your doctor and health insurance provider for more information on treatment cost.